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explicit hypothesis

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1 explicit hypothesis

мат. явная гипотеза

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > explicit hypothesis
2 explicit hypothesis

Математика: явная гипотеза

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > explicit hypothesis
3 explicit hypothesis

мат.

явная гипотеза

English-Russian scientific dictionary > explicit hypothesis
4 explicit hypothesis

явная гипотеза

Англо-русский словарь по исследованиям и ноу-хау > explicit hypothesis
5 hypothesis

1) гипотеза

2) допущение; предположение

3) постулат

•

hypothesis states that — гипотеза утверждает, что

hypothesis under test — проверяемая гипотеза

proof from a hypothesis — доказательство с помощью гипотезы

under the hypothesis of a theorem — по условию теоремы

to make a hypothesis — строить гипотезу; выдвигать гипотезу

to test a hypothesis with experiment — проверять гипотезу на опыте

to test a statistical hypothesis — проверять статистическую гипотезу

- acceptable hypothesis

- accepted hypothesis

- admissible hypothesis

- Aleksander-Orbach hypothesis

- alternative hypothesis

- analytical hypothesis

- atomic hypothesis

- atomistic hypothesis

- auxiliary hypothesis

- background hypothesis

- basic hypothesis

- bounded universal hypothesis

- casual hypothesis

- central hypothesis

- coarse hypothesis

- combined hypothesis

- competing hypothesis

- complementary hypothesis

- complex hypothesis

- complicated hypothesis

- component hypothesis

- composite hypothesis

- compound hypothesis
- concurrent hypothesis
- confirmable hypothesis

- confirmed hypothesis

- conjunctive hypothesis

- consequential hypothesis

- consilience of hypothesis

- consistent hypothesis

- constituent hypothesis

- continuum hypothesis

- contradictory hypothesis

- contrary hypothesis

- correct hypothesis

- corroborated hypothesis

- corrolary hypothesis

- current hypothesis

- dependent hypothesis

- derivative hypothesis

- descriptive hypothesis

- deterioration hypothesis

- deterministic hypothesis

- directly testable hypothesis

- disconfirmable hypothesis

- double-sided hypothesis

- effective hypothesis

- empirical hypothesis

- empirically supported hypothesis
- empirically testable hypothesis
- ergodic hypothesis

- erroneous hypothesis

- ether hypothesis

- exact hypothesis

- existential hypothesis

- explicit hypothesis

- exponential hypothesis

- extended hypothesis

- false hypothesis

- falsifiable hypothesis

- falsified hypothesis

- faulty hypothesis

- fundamental hypothesis

- general hypothesis

- generalized hypothesis

- generating hypothesis

- glacial hypothesis

- goal hypothesis

- homogeneity hypothesis

- hypothesis of geodesics

- hypothesis of homogeneity of variances

- hypothesis of homogeneity

- hypothesis of independence

- hypothesis of randomness

- hypothesis of rule

- hypothesis region

- illustrative hypothesis

- implausible hypothesis

- implicit hypothesis

- incompatible hypotheses hypothesis
- incompletely confirmable hypothesis
- incorrect hypothesis

- indefensible hypothesis

- independence hypothesis

- independently testable hypothesis
- indirectly testable hypothesis
- induction hypothesis

- inexact hypothesis

- irrelevant hypothesis

- linear hypothesis

- logically necessary hypothesis

- main hypothesis

- mathematical hypothesis

- mixed hypothesis

- mixing hypothesis

- most credible hypothesis
- multiple hypothesis - multivariate hypothesis
- noncontradictory hypothesis

- nonnull hypothesis

- nonobservational hypothesis

- nonparametric hypothesis

- operational hypothesis

- original hypothesis

- orthodox hypothesis

- preconceived hypothesis

- primary hypothesis

- principal hypothesis

- probabilistic hypothesis

- provisional hypothesis

- quasiergodic hypothesis

- quasigeneral hypothesis

- reasonable hypothesis

- refined hypothesis

- refutable hypothesis

- rejected hypothesis

- restricted hypothesis

- restrictive hypothesis

- ring hypothesis

- secondary hypothesis

- semantical hypothesis

- simple hypothesis

- single-sided hypothesis

- special hypothesis

- specific hypothesis

- statement of hypothesis

- statistical hypothesis

- strictly interpretable hypothesis

- subsidiary hypothesis

- supplementary hypothesis

- tenable hypothesis

- tentative hypothesis

- testable hypothesis

- tested hypothesis

- testing of hypothesis

- true hypothesis

- two-sided alternative hypothesis

- two-sided hypothesis

- ultimate hypothesis

- unbounded universal hypothesis

- underlying hypothesis

- unfalsifiable hypothesis

- unfalsified hypothesis

- unifying hypothesis

- univariate hypothesis

- universal hypothesis

- unproved hypothesis

- unsupported hypothesis

- unverifiable hypothesis

- weak hypothesis

- working hypothesis

English-Russian scientific dictionary > hypothesis
6 явная гипотеза

мат. explicit hypothesis

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > явная гипотеза
7 theorem

теорема

that establishes the theorem — тем самым теорема доказана

the theorem is proved — теорема доказана

theorem implies — из теоремы следует, что…

this concludes the proof of theorem — это завершает доказательство теоремы

under hypothesis of theorem — по условию теоремы

- absolute geometrical theorem

- abstract theorem

- additivity theorem

- adequacy theorem

- alleged theorem

- analytical enumeration theorem
- analytical hierarchy theorem
- analyticity theorem

- approximation theorem

- arithmetical enumeration theorem
- arithmetical hierarchy theorem
- associative theorem

- asymptotic passage theorem

- asymptotic theorem

- auxiliary theorem

- average theorem

- azygetic theorem

- bachet's theorem

- ballot theorem

- binomial theorem

- boundary theorem

- cardinality theorem

- Cauchy residue theorem

- central limit theorem

- central statistical theorem

- characterization theorem

- class existence theorem

- classical theorem

- classification theorem

- closed graph theorem
- closed range theorem
- closure theorem

- cobordism theorem

- cobweb theorem

- coding theorem

- coincidence theorem

- combination theorem

- combinatorial theorem

- compactness theorem

- comparability theorem

- comparison theorem

- compensation theorem

- complementary theorem

- completeness theorem

- composition theorem

- conductor-ramification theorem

- conservation theorem

- consistency theorem

- continuation theorem

- continuity theorem

- convergence theorem

- converse limit theorem

- converse theorem

- convexity theorem

- convolution theorem

- cosine theorem

- covering theorem

- decomposition theorem

- deducible theorem

- deduction theorem

- definability theorem

- density theorem

- descriptive theorem

- determinant theorem

- dimension theorem

- direct theorem

- distortion theorem

- divergence theorem

- dominance theorem

- double recursion theorem

- dual theorem

- duality theorem

- dynamical theorem

- edge-of-the-wedge theorem

- either-or theorem

- elementary theorem

- elimination theorem

- embedding theorem

- enclosure theorem

- enumeration theorem

- equal probability theorem

- equality theorem

- equilibrium theorem

- ergodic theorem

- exactness theorem

- excision theorem

- existence theorem

- existence theorem

- existential theorem

- expansion theorem

- explicit theorem

- extension theorem

- extreme-value theorem

- factor theorem

- factorization theorem

- faltung theorem

- fan theorem

- feasibility theorem

- Fermat's last theorem

- finiteness theorem

- five color theorem

- fixed-point theorem

- formal theorem

- formally deducible theorem
- formally provable theorem
- formation theorem

- friendship theorem

- fundamental theorem of algebra

- fundamental theorem

- fuzzy theorem

- gap theorem

- general theorem

- generalized theorem

- going-up theorem

- graphical theorem

- hierarchy theorem

- holonomy theorem

- homotopy addition theorem
- implicit function theorem
- incompleteness theorem

- index theorem

- individual ergodic theorem
- initial value theorem - integral representation theorem
- integral theorem

- integrality theorem

- integration theorem

- interchange theorem

- intermediary theorem

- intermediate value theorem

- interpolation theorem

- interpretability theorem

- interpretation theorem

- invariance theorem

- inverse function theorem

- inverse theorem

- inverse transform theorem

- inversion theorem

- isomorphism theorem

- isoperimetric theorem

- joint consistency theorem

- Karhunen-Loeve theorem

- kernel theorem

- key renewal theorem

- least-upper-bound theorem

- limitative theorem

- limiting theorem

- linearity theorem

- local description theorem
- local limit theorem
- local theorem

- local uniformization theorem

- local-global theorem

- localization theorem

- logical theorem

- main theorem

- map color theorem

- martingale convergence theorem

- martingale theorem

- matching theorem

- max-flow min-cut theorem
- maximal ergodic theorem
- maximal theorem

- maximality theorem

- maximum-modulus theorem

- mean ergodic theorem
- mean value theorem
- mean-value theorem

- measurability theorem

- metamathematical theorem

- metrization theorem

- minimax theorem

- model extension theorem

- monodromy theorem

- monotonicity theorem

- multinomial theorem

- multiplication theorem

- Nagy-Faias theorem

- negation of theorem

- negation theorem

- Nikodym theorem

- nonexistence theorem

- normal addition theorem
- normal form theorem
- normalization theorem

- Nyquist-Kotelnikov-Shannon sampling theorem

- occurrence theorem

- open mapping theorem

- operator theorem

- opposite theorem

- ordering theorem

- orientability theorem

- orthogonality theorem

- orthographic theorem

- oscillation theorem

- painting theorem

- parallel axis theorem

- parametric theorem

- parametrization theorem

- periodicity theorem

- permutation theorem

- Plancherel theorem

- pointwise ergodic theorem

- preliminary theorem

- preparation theorem

- prime number theorem

- principal theorem

- probability theorem

- product theorem

- prolongation theorem

- proximity theorem

- quantifiers elimination theorem

- quantitative theorem

- quasiergodic theorem

- random ergodic theorem
- ratio limit theorem - rational root theorem
- recurrence theorem

- recursion theorem

- reduction theorem

- reflection theorem

- regularity theorem

- relativized theorem

- renewal density theorem

- replacement theorem

- representability theorem

- representation theorem

- residue theorem

- resonance theorem

- reverse-flow theorem

- root-counting theorem

- sampling theorem

- second limit theorem
- second mean value theorem
- selection theorem

- semantical theorem

- semilocal theorem

- separation theorem

- seven color theorem

- sewing theorem

- shift theorem

- signature theorem

- similarity theorem

- similarity theorem

- similitude theorem

- single-valuedness theorem

- sinusoidal limit theorem

- six-color theorem

- soundness theorem

- special theorem

- spectral theorem

- stability theorem

- stationarity theorem

- strong theorem

- structure theorem

- substitution theorem

- subtle theorem

- summation theorem

- superposition theorem

- suspension theorem

- symmetry theorem

- syntactical theorem

- synthesis theorem

- tautology theorem

- theorem of alternatives

- theorem of choice

- theorem of closed graph
- theorem of consistency proofs - theorem of corresponding states
- theorem of mean

- theorem of numerical comparison

- theorem of residues

- theorem of sines

- theorem of total probability

- theorem of units

- Theveni's theorem

- three circle theorem
- three line theorem - three series theorem
- torsion theorem

- transference theorem

- translation theorem

- transposition theorem

- tree theorem

- triad theorem

- triple limit theorem

- truth theorem

- two constants theorem

- two triangles theorem

- ultraproduct theorem

- umbrellas theorem

- undecidability theorem

- unicity theorem

- uniform boundedness theorem
- uniform convergence theorem - uniform ergodic theorem - uniform mean value theorem
- uniformization theorem

- unique factorization theorem

- uniqueness theorem

- validity theorem

- Van Cittert-Zernike theorem

- vanishing theorem

- variant theorem

- virial theorem

- weak theorem

- well ordering theorem

- Wiener-Paley theorem

- work-kinetic energy theorem

English-Russian scientific dictionary > theorem
8 belief

1. n вера, доверие

beyond belief — невероятно, немыслимо

hard of belief — недоверчивый

light of belief — легковерный

implicit belief — слепая вера

staunch belief — твёрдая вера

article of belief — догмат веры

degree of belief — степень доверия

explicit belief — беззаветная вера

2. n вера, убеждение

a man of strong beliefs — глубоко убеждённый человек

firm belief — твердое убеждение

acknowledging belief in God — вера в Бога

well-founded belief — обоснованное убеждение

belief in the reality of miracles — вера в чудеса

3. n рел. вера, верование

the Belief — символ веры, кредо

heathen beliefs — языческие верования

strange beliefs — странные поверья

superstitious beliefs — суеверия, приметы

4. n разг. мнение, убеждение; понимание

wrong belief — неправильное мнение, заблуждение

it is my belief that … — по-моему, по моему мнению

fixed belief — предубежденное мнение

to affirm belief — подтвердить высказанное по делу мнение

Синонимический ряд:

1. conception (noun) conception; fancy; idea

2. conviction (noun) assumption; assurance; certainty; conclusion; conviction; hypothesis; inference; interpretation; philosophy; postulate; theory

3. credit (noun) credence; credit

4. creed (noun) article; canon; creed; doctrine; dogma; tenet; thought

5. faith (noun) acceptance; assent; confidence; credence; credit; expectation; faith; hope; reliance; trust

6. opinion (noun) eye; feeling; mind; notion; opinion; persuasion; position; sentiment; view

Антонимический ряд:

dissent; distrust; doubt; fact; knowledge; misgiving; reality; unbelief

English-Russian base dictionary > belief
9 Psychoanalysis

   1) The Ego Is Not Even Master in Its Own House

   [Psychoanalysis] seeks to prove to the ego that it is not even master in its own house, but must content itself with scanty information of what is going on unconsciously in the mind. (Freud, 1953-1974, Vol. 16, pp. 284-285)

   2) Methodological Problems of Psychoanalysis

   Although in the interview the analyst is supposedly a "passive" auditor of the "free association" narration by the subject, in point of fact the analyst does direct the course of the narrative. This by itself does not necessarily impair the evidential worth of the outcome, for even in the most meticulously conducted laboratory experiment the experimenter intervenes to obtain the data he is after. There is nevertheless the difficulty that in the nature of the case the full extent of the analyst's intervention is not a matter that is open to public scrutiny, so that by and large one has only his own testimony as to what transpires in the consulting room. It is perhaps unnecessary to say that this is not a question about the personal integrity of psychoanalytic practitioners. The point is the fundamental one that no matter how firmly we may resolve to make explicit our biases, no human being is aware of all of them, and that objectivity in science is achieved through the criticism of publicly accessible material by a community of independent inquirers.... Moreover, unless data are obtained under carefully standardized circumstances, or under different circumstances whose dependence on known variables is nevertheless established, even an extensive collection of data is an unreliable basis for inference. To be sure, analysts apparently do attempt to institute standard conditions for the conduct of interviews. But there is not much information available on the extent to which the standardization is actually enforced, or whether it relates to more than what may be superficial matters. (E. Nagel, 1959, pp. 49-50)

   3) No Necessary Incompatibility between Psychoanalysis and Certain Religious Formulations

   here would seem to be no necessary incompatibility between psychoanalysis and those religious formulations which locate God within the self. One could, indeed, argue that Freud's Id (and even more Groddeck's It), the impersonal force within which is both the core of oneself and yet not oneself, and from which in illness one become[s] alienated, is a secular formation of the insight which makes religious people believe in an immanent God. (Ryecroft, 1966, p. 22)

   4) The Problem of Verifying Psychoanalytic Theory

   Freudian analysts emphasized that their theories were constantly verified by their "clinical observations."... It was precisely this fact-that they always fitted, that they were always confirmed-which in the eyes of their admirers constituted the strongest argument in favour of these theories. It began to dawn on me that this apparent strength was in fact their weakness.... It is easy to obtain confirmations or verifications, for nearly every theory-if we look for confirmation. (Popper, 1968, pp. 3435)

   5) Psychoanalysis Is Not a Science But Rather the Interpretation of a Narrated History

   Psychoanalysis does not satisfy the standards of the sciences of observation, and the "facts" it deals with are not verifiable by multiple, independent observers.... There are no "facts" nor any observation of "facts" in psychoanalysis but rather the interpretation of a narrated history. (Ricoeur, 1974, p. 186)

   6) Some of the Qualities of a Scientific Approach Are Possessed by Psychoanalysis

   In sum: psychoanalysis is not a science, but it shares some of the qualities associated with a scientific approach-the search for truth, understanding, honesty, openness to the import of the observation and evidence, and a skeptical stance toward authority. (Breger, 1981, p. 50)

   7) Major Attributes of Psychoanalysis

   [Attributes of Psychoanalysis:]

   1. Psychic Determinism. No item in mental life and in conduct and behavior is "accidental"; it is the outcome of antecedent conditions.

   2. Much mental activity and behavior is purposive or goal-directed in character.

   3. Much of mental activity and behavior, and its determinants, is unconscious in character. 4. The early experience of the individual, as a child, is very potent, and tends to be pre-potent over later experience. (Farrell, 1981, p. 25)

   8) The Scientific and Rational Are Not Co- extensive

   Our sceptic may be unwise enough... to maintain that, because analytic theory is unscientific on his criterion, it is not worth discussing. This step is unwise, because it presupposes that, if a study is not scientific on his criterion, it is not a rational enterprise... an elementary and egregious mistake. The scientific and the rational are not co-extensive. Scientific work is only one form that rational inquiry can take: there are many others. (Farrell, 1981, p. 46)

   9) The Validity of Psychoanalytic Therapy

   Psychoanalysts have tended to write as though the term analysis spoke for itself, as if the statement "analysis revealed" or "it was analyzed as" preceding a clinical assertion was sufficient to establish the validity of what was being reported. An outsider might easily get the impression from reading the psychoanalytic literature that some standardized, generally accepted procedure existed for both inference and evidence. Instead, exactly the opposite has been true. Clinical material in the hands of one analyst can lead to totally different "findings" in the hands of another. (Peterfreund, 1986, p. 128)

    10) The Issues of Inference and Evidence in Psychoanalysis

   The analytic process-the means by which we arrive at psychoanalytic understanding-has been largely neglected and is poorly understood, and there has been comparatively little interest in the issues of inference and evidence. Indeed, psychoanalysts as a group have not recognized the importance of being bound by scientific constraints. They do not seem to understand that a possibility is only that-a possibility-and that innumerable ways may exist to explain the same data. Psychoanalysts all too often do not seem to distinguish hypotheses from facts, nor do they seem to understand that hypotheses must be tested in some way, that criteria for evidence must exist, and that any given test for any hypothesis must allow for the full range of substantiation/refutation. (Peterfreund, 1986, p. 129)

Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Psychoanalysis

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